The module intends to provide a survey of the origins and transformations of industrial society over the last two centuries or so, a period of time within which industrial nation states have reached new heights of power and acquired the dominant share of the world’s wealth – a wealth once dominated by Westerners but increasingly challenged in recent years by the rise of, for example, South East Asian nations. This comparative studies programme shall allow students to obtain a critical understanding of the nature of industrial society through fostering a multidisciplinary approach to industrialisation and many of the changes in society it helped to establish. The course will give students the opportunity to consider the ideas and the conditions in Europe and elsewhere that produced industrial change, capitalism and democracy – processes that the West considered then and still considers today as desirable for itself and other parts of the world. The curriculum gives particular focus to pre-industrial Europe and its economy, industrial Britain, urbanisation and its effects upon social classes, public health, housing and ways of living. The course is designed to build skills such as thinking critically, well-constructed writing and the clear presenting of oral arguments. In so doing students will be expected to critically engage with a range of academic disciplines such as History (social and economic, cultural and urban), Social Studies, Economics and Geography, so as to answer questions such as:

• In what ways did industrialisation fundamentally change societies?
• What factors accounted for the beginning of the Industrial Revolution?
• How did patterns of urbanisation change as a consequence of industrial growth?
• How did social class relations shift due to industrial progress?
• How did industrial changes affect the role of women or children in the work place?
• What demographic changes have occurred since industrialisation began?
• Were the First and Second Industrial Revolutions the same or were they different?
• How did rural developments affect the rise of industry in Europe’s past?
• What is the relationship between cities and the countryside both before and after the onset of industrial growth?
• What dangers arise from industrial and urban transition? Are these dangers universal?

Week 1. Introduction Lecture (8^th January 2015)

An overview of industrial development and its images from the late-1700s onwards.

References:

E.A. Wrigley and R.S. Schofield, The Population History of England, 1541-1871  UL HB3585.W74

C. Dickens, Hard Times  CC PR4561.A1 1988

E. Hobsbawm, Industry and Empire from 1750 to the Present Day  UL HC253.H57 1969

E. Baines, History of the Cotton Manufacture in Great Britain  UL  TS1565.G7B2 1966

Jan de Vries, Economy of Europe in an Age of Crisis  UL  HC240.D48 1976

Douglass North & R.P. Thomas, The Rise of the Western World  UL HC240.N66

Week 2. Agriculture and Proto-Industrialisation (15^th January 2015)

Are changes in society necessary prior to the arrival of industrialisation and the shift from agrarian to industrial society? If so, are there any necessary steps beforehand? What was the condition of Europe’s economy prior to the mid-1700s? How important were rural changes to industrial development?

References:

R. Houston and K.D.W. Snell, ‘Proto-industrialisation? Cottage Industry, Social Change, and Industrial Revolution’, The Historical Journal, 27 (1984), pp. 479-488

S.C. Ogilvia and M. Cerman, European Proto-Industrialization  UL  HD2329 .E95 1996

L.A. Clarkson, Proto-Industrialization: The First Phase of Industrialization  UL  HC240.C52

K. Morgan, The Birth of Industrial Britain  UL  HC254.5 .M635 1999

Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Agriculture and Industrialization  UL  HD9000.1.F565 no.17

Week 3. Defining the Industrial Revolution (Thursday, 22^nd January 2015)

What is meant by the terms ‘Industrial Revolution’ and ‘industrialisation’. In what ways was industrial growth and change revolutionary? What were the social impacts of industrial development? What were work and living conditions like in the early days of the Industrial Revolution?

References:

L.R. Berlanstein, The Industrial Revolution and Work in Nineteenth Century Europe  UL  HC240.I533

Pat Hudson, The Industrial Revolution and Regions & Industries  UL  HC254.5.H77 and UL  HC253.R46

P.K. O’Brien and R. Quinault, The Industrial Revolution and British Society  UL HC254.5.I383

E.P. Thompson, ‘Time, Work-Discipline and Industrial Capitalism’ in Past and Present (vol. 38) 

E.P. Thompson, The Making of the English Working Class   UL  HD8388.T47 1968

John Rule, The Labouring Classes in Early Industrial England  UL  HD8389.R84

A. Clayre, Nature and Industrialization  CC  PR1111.I58N3

P. Temin, ‘Two Views of the British Industrial Revolution’, Journal of Economic History (March 1997), pp. 63-82.

Week 4. Industrialisation and the European Continent (29^th January 2015)

Why did the Industrial Revolution first occur in Britain? Why did, for example, France industrialise later? How and when did Eastern Europe industrialise? Were there any different pre-requisites in Mainland Europe in order for industrialisation to occur?

References:

K. Bruland, Technological Revolutions in Europe  UL T173.8 .T415 1998

S. Pollard & C. Holmes, Documents of European Economic History  UL  HC240.P595

W.O. Henderson, The Industrialization of Europe, 1780-1914 and Britain & Industrial Europe  UL  HC240.H475 and UL  HC240.H46 1965

R.F. Leslie, The Age of Transformation  UL  D299.L4

C.A. Leeds, European History, 1789-1914  UL  D359.L44 1979

S. Pollard, Peaceful Conquest  UL  HC240.P5956

W.L. Blackwell, The Industrialization of Russia: A Historical Perspective  UL  HC333.B54 1994

Week 5. Society and Governance (5^th February 2015)

How did governments, both local and national, deal with changes in urban society? How did industrialisation affect politics? What institutional changes are needed to adequately govern an industrialising/industrial society?

References:

F. Engels, The Condition of the Working Class in England  UL  and CC Res HD8389.E5

S. Pollard, The Genesis of Modern Management  UL and CC Res HC255.P64

E.J. Hobsbawn, The Age of Revolution  UL  D299 .H6 1962b 

N.F.R. Crafts, British Economic Growth during the Industrial Revolution  UL  HC254.5.C72

Asa Briggs, Victorian Cities  CC Res HT133.B7 1968

P. Stansky, The Victorian Revolution: Government and Society  UL  JN216.S7

D. Fraser, Urban Politics in Victorian Britain and Municipal Reform and the Industrial City  UL  JS3068.F7

D. Cannadine, Patricians, Power & Politics  UC ASL  HT653.G7 P3 1982

E.P. Hennock, ‘Central/Local Government Relations in England: An Outline, 1800-1950’, Urban History Yearbook, 1982, pp. 38-49

J.H. Johnson & C.G. Pooley, The Structure of Nineteenth Century Cities  UL  HT133.S85 1982

L.D. Schwarz, London in the Age of Industrialisation  CC Res HB2676.L66S38 1992

T. Barker, ‘Business as Usual: London and the Industrial Revolution’, History Today, 39 (1989), pp. 45-51.

J. Wirth & R.L. Jones, Manchester and Sao Paulo  UL  HT371.M28

Week 6. Technology: (i) Transportation (12^th February 2015)

How important is technology to the development of industrialisation, and also its expressions? What inventions were crucial to the industrial progress of (at first) Britain but also other nations? What impacts did inventions, such as the train, have upon urban living?

References:

T.P. Hughes, The Development of Western Technology Since 1500  UL  T18.H8

K. Bruland, Technological Revolutions in Europe  UL  T173.8 .T415 1998

M. Berg, Maxine, The Age of Manufactures  UL  HD9720.5.B47 1994

J. Mokyr, Twenty Five Centuries of Technological Change  UL  HC79.T4M65 1990

R. Fogel, Railroads and American Economic Growth  UL  HE2751.F65

C. Cockburn, Bringing Technology Home  UL  HQ1075.5.E85B75 1994

J.R. Kellett, Railways on Victorian Cities  CC Res HE3018.K44 1979

D. Cannadine & D. Reeder, Exploring the Urban Past  UL  Res HT133.D88 1982

G. Gordon & B. Dicks, Scottish Urban History  ARL  HT133.S39

H.J. Dyos, Railways and housing in Victorian London, Journal of Transport History 2 (1955), pp. 11-21 & pp. 90-100

G.C. Dickinson, The development of suburban road passenger transport in Leeds, 1840-95, Journal of Transport History 4 (1959-60), pp. 214-23

Week 7. NO CLASS! CHINESE NEW YEAR HOLIDAY! (19^th February 2015)

Week 8. Technology: (ii) Skyscrapers and their Symbolism (26^th February 2015)

Why have cities taken on huge vertical scales? What role has technological developments had in allowing cities to grow high? Which city is the home of the skyscraper? What do tall buildings represent about the state of societies (in Asia)? Why is the home of the skyscraper now SE Asia? What political, economic and cultural messages are these buildings sending?

References:

J. Meejin Yoon and Eric Höweler, 1001 Skyscrapers  ARL  NA6230 .Y66 2000

L.R. Ford, Cities and Buildings: Skyscrapers, Skid Rows and Suburbs

ARL  NA705.F67 1994

J. Jervis, Exploring the Modern UL  CB245 .J47 1998

W.J. Mitchell, Placing Words  ARL  NA2584 .M58 2005

C. Abel, Sky High  ARL  NA6230 .A23 2003

B. Sonder, Skyscrapers  ARL  NA6230 .S63 1999

G. Binder, Tall Buildings of Asia and Australia  ARL  NA6234.A78 T35 2001

Huang Tsung-yi Michelle, Walking Between Slums and Skyscrapers

UL  and UL HK Studies HT169.H6 H83 2004

Week 9. Industrialisation and Cities (5^th March 2015)

What are the universal impacts industrial growth has upon urban places? In what ways can these influences overcome time, geography and cultural matters? What effects become apparent when rapid urban growth is established as a consequence of economic progress?

References:

Jan de Vries, Urbanization in History  ARL  HT361.U726 1990

J.G. Williamson, Coping with City Growth During the British Industrial Revolution  ARL  HT384.G7 W54 2002

T.K. Rabb & RI Rotberg, Industrialization and Urbanization  UL  HT111.I52

M. Doughty, Building the Industrial City  ARL  HD7289.5.A3G724 1986

R. Dennis, English Industrial Cities of the 19^th Century: A Social Geography  UL  HT133.D4

H.J. Dyos & M. Wolff, The Victorian City: Images and Realities  UL  HT133.D89 1976

M.J. Daunton, Housing the Workers  UL  and CC Res HD7287.95.H68

H. Conway, People’s Parks  CC Res SB484.G7C59 1991

F.M.L. Thompson, The Rise of Suburbia  CC Res HT133.R57 1982

D. Cannadine & D. Reeder, Exploring the Urban Past: Essays in Urban History  UL  Res HT133.D88 1982

Roy Porter, London: A Social History  CC Res DA677.P67 1995

G. Weightman & S Humphries, The Making of Modern London

http://www.peopleandplanet.net/doc.php?id=199&section=2

http://www.oecd.org/document/36/0,2340,en_2649_201185_37766436_1_1_1_1,00.html

Week 9A. Fieldtrip: Guangzhou, PR China. (Please note provisional date: Saturday March 7^th 2015)

All materials for this visit shall be provided by your Tutor. The date of the fieldtrip is to be confirmed after discussion with the students. The theme of the tour is ‘A new China: Megacities and Skyscrapers’.

Week 10. Public Health and National Prosperity: (i) Physical Well-being (12^th March 2015)

With reference to the 19^th century British industrial cities attention shall be given to the association between health and wealth, and how in some instances due to integrated social policies causes of burdens for the poor can become cures. Attention shall also be given to the impact of diseases such as Cholera, SARS, HIV/AIDS, Avian Influenza, etc., in Asia.

References:

D. Englander, Poverty and Poor Law Reform  UL  HV245 .E54 1998

A.S. Wohl, The Eternal Slum  CC Res  HD7334.L7W6

W. Ashworth, The Genesis of Modern British Town Planning  CC Res  NA9185.A795

A. Kidd, State, Society and the Poor  UL  HV249.E89 K53 1999

H. Mayhew, London Labour  UL  HV4088.L8 M52 1968

Anne Hardy, Epidemic Streets  MD  WC11.FE5H37 1993

B. Luckin & G. Mooney, ‘Urban History and Historical Epidemiology: The Case of London, 1860-1920’, Urban History 24 (May, 1997), pp. 37-55.

Roy Porter, Disease, Medicine and Society  UL  WA31.P67

Websites:       

http://www.learningcurve.gov.uk/victorianbritain/healthy/

http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/1859map/

Primary source:

http://www.niph.go.jp/toshokan/koten/Britain/10071671.html

Week 11. Public Health and National Prosperity: (ii) Mental Well-being (19^th March 2015)

This class provides an opportunity to openly discuss many of the broader issues associated with health, well-being, and economic progress. With reference to the Kingdom of Bhutan and Thailand the class shall discuss why some Asian countries have started to put people’s psychological health before economic advancement.  The class will also examine the history of the concept of mental well-being, and its erosion after industrialization took off in Europe. Particular attention will be given to the practice of Gross National Happiness in Bhutan.

Reference:

I. Morley, ‘The Trauma of Modernity and its Well-Being of Disparity’, paper presented in the International Conference on Happiness and Public Policy at the United Nations in Bangkok, Thailand.

http://www.ppdoconference.org/session_papers/session5/session5_ian_morley.pdf

Week 12. Industrialisation, Social Class, and Social Structures (26^th March 2015)

What new social dynamics are created in industrial change? Can these dynamics reflect themselves in political forms, or social class consciousness and organisation? What social class conflict events in history are reflections of the tensions brought about by industrial change and, for example, greater democratic rights?

References:

M. Berg, ‘What Difference did Women’s Work Make to the Industrial Revolution?’, History Workshop 35 (Spring 1993)

Jan de Vries, ‘The Industrious Revolution and the Industrial Revolution, Journal of Economic History (June 1994), pp. 249-270.

R. Floud and M. McCloskey, The Economic History of Britain Since 1700  UL  HC254.5.E27

L.R. Berlanstein, The Industrial Revolution and Work in Nineteenth Century Europe  UL  HC240.I533

Anna Clark, The Struggle for the Breeches  UL  HD8390 .C48 1995

John Foster, Class Struggle and the Industrial Revolution  UL  HD8390 .F58 1974

J.L. Hammond, The Town Labourer  UL  HD8389.H3

T.K. Rabb & R.I. Rotberg, Industrialization and Urbanization  UL  HT111.I52

R.J. Morris, Class and Class Consciousness in the Industrial Revolution  UL  HN382.M67

G. Kearns & C.W.J. Withers, Urbanising Britain  UL  HT384.G7U73

R. Dennis & S. Daniels, ‘Community and the Social Geography of Victorian Cities’, Urban History Yearbook (1981), pp. 7-23

R.J. Morris, Class, Sect and Party  UL  HT690.G7M67

Week 13. Jumping Forward: Asian and Chinese Industrial Development (2^nd April 2015)

What changes have occurred in Asian societies since 1950? What is the extent of these changes? Have the changes been good or bad? Are the changes affecting everyone in the same way? Have under-classes been created and how is modern life for these people? How are governments in Asia dealing with slum housing and social marginalisation? Are the lessons from history in other parts of the world being utilised in Asia today? When did China industrialise? What role has Chinese politics played in determining industrial change? What success have Chinese governments had in controlling the impacts of industrialisation?

References:

R. Ash and A. Booth, The Economies of Asia, 1950-1998  UL  HC412 .E247 2000

D. Landes, The Wealth and Poverty of Nations  UL  HC240.Z9 W45 1998

A. Maddison, Asian Economies in the 20^th Century, The World Economy and Monitoring the World Economy, 1820-1992  UL  HC412 .A756 2002

R. Fogel, Escape From Hunger and Premature Death  UL  WT116 .F544 2003

UN-Habitat, The State of the World’s Cities  UL HT151.S644 2004

http://www.kas.de/upload/dokumente/megacities/urbanization_urban_environment_and_land_use.pdf

http://www.unep.org/GEO/geo3/pdfs/synthesis.pdf

http://www.un.org/esa/policy/wess/wesp2004.pdf

http://www.unescap.org/esid/psis/population/journal/1990/v05n3a2.pdf

http://www.nhh.no/geo/chinese/2001/151001b.pdf

http://www.socsci.uci.edu/~ksmall/chineseurban.pdf

http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/Documents/IR-03-036.pdf

L.H. Day and Ma Xia, Migration and Urbanization in China  UL  HB1955.M54 1994

G.E. Ebanks and C. Cheng, ‘China: A unique urbanization model’, Asia-Pacific Population Journal, Vol. 5 No. 3 (1990), 29-50.

• Short paper review (1500 words). This assignment centres upon critically appraising a key text, and comprises 20% of the overall term grade.
• Academic essay (25% of term grade – 2000 words maximum), a body of work that demonstrates analysis and learnt knowledge of a selected subject.
• Take-home exam (15%), a summary exercise (1,000 words in length) that utilises materials students have collected in their online portfolio, in so doing encouraging learners to reveal their own thoughts and conclusions about the industrial revolution and its impacts.
• Participation grade (40%). This grade is given in relation to classroom and e-learning activities:

(i)     Attendance of lectures and tutorials, with a small tutorial talk (20 points)

(ii)    The compiling of an e-portfolio (10 points), an online work platform designed to allow students to follow-up on course-related subjects of their own personal interest and choice.

(iii)    The completion of two online exercises (10 points). These small activities, chosen by each student, provides for structured learning outside of the classroom and opportunities to enhance particular study skills.

The tutorials (4 in total) give students the chance to discuss in some detail the topics introduced in the lectures and to help them sort out any problems in understanding that they may have. Student presentations shall be integrated into tutorial classes but for tutorials to run effectively all students will be expected to have prepared beforehand, e.g. by reading and by thinking about the class topic in question. Materials to read shall be given by your Lecturer each week and by consulting this course book. You also need to be prepared to join in the discussions within the tutorials. Do not be afraid to ask questions if you are in doubt – by asking a question you may help others get a better grasp of the topic as well as helping yourself!

Materials to be used in this course include:

Aldcroft D.H., and Ville S.P. (eds.), The European Economy, 1750-1914: A Thematic Approach (1994)   UL  HC240.A6657

Ashworth W., A Short History of the International Economy since 1850 (1975)  UL  HC53.A8 1987

Braudel, F., Civilisations and Capitalism (1981, 1982 and 1984)  UL  HC51.B67413 1982 

Brown, I., Economic Change in South-East Asia 1830-1980 (1997)   UL  HC441 .B75 1997

Cambridge Economic History of Europe (1966)   UL  HC240.C312 1966

Mathias P., and Davis J.A. (ed.), The First Industrial Revolutions (1989)  UL HC240.F46

Deane P., The First Industrial Revolution (1979)  UL  HC254.5.D3 1979

Harrison J.F.C., The Birth and Growth of Industrial England 1714-1867 (1973)  UL  DA480.H28

Malthus T., An Essay on the Principal of Population (1998)  UL  HB851.M3

Mathias P., The First Industrial Nation (2001)  UL  HC253.M36

Smith A., Wealth of Nations (1994)  UL  HB161 .S6522 1970

Taylor A.J., The Standard of Living in Britain in the Industrial Revolution (1975)  UL  HD7023.S77 1975

Teich M., and Porter R. (eds.), Industrial Revolution in National Context. Europe and the USA (1996)  UL  HC53 .I53 1996

Vente, R.L. and Peter S.J. Chen, Culture and Industrialisation: An Asian Dilemma (1980)  UL  HC412.C84

Many articles from journals such as Economic History Review, American Economic Review, Journal of Economic History, International Review of Social History, Journal of British Studies, History Workshop, Past and Present, Journal of European History, shall also be utilised. Furthermore reputable online sites and online files will be used as resource materials, including:

http://www.oup.com/us/pdf/economic.history/industrial.pdf http://www.wiw.org/~dman/H112P21

http://www.homestead.com/chaffeyaphistory/files/EuroTerms1848_1914.htm

http://www.victorianweb.org/

http://www.myvlad.com/history/industrialrevolution.htm.

请注意大学有关学术著作诚信的政策和规则，及适用于犯规事例的纪律指引和程序。详情可浏览此处。

学生递交作业时，必须连同已签署的声明一并提交，表示他们知道有关政策、规则、指引及程序。

• 如属小组习作，则所有组员均须签署声明；所有组员 (不论有否签署声明及不论有否直接或间接撰写有问题的内容) 均须负上集体责任及受到惩处。
• 如作业以电脑制作、内容以文字为主，并经由大学「维诚」系统 (VeriGuide) 提交者，学生将作业的电子档案上载到系统后，便会获得收据，收据上已列明有关声明。
• 学生充分知悉到他们的作业可能会被人工智能内容检测软件审查，以确定其原创性。
• 学生充分知悉科目中采用人工智能工具的做法。在经允许下使用某些人工智能工具的情况下，学生已按照科目老师的指示明确注明出处和引文。

未有夹附签署妥当的声明的作业，老师将不予批阅。

学生只须提交作业的最终版本。

学生将作业或作业的一部份用于超过一个用途 (例如：同时符合两科的要求) 而没有作出声明会被视为未有声明重复使用作业。 学生重复使用其著作的措辞或某一、二句句子很常见，并可以接受，惟重复使用全部内容则构成问题。在任何情况下，须先获得相关老师同意方可提交作业。

由大学职员/老师制作的教学材料，包括课堂笔记、作业及考试题目等，其版权属香港中文大学拥有；学生可从大学采用的网上教学系统 (例如Blackboard) 下载由大学职员/老师制作的教学材料供其学习使用；惟未经相关职员/老师事先同意下，不得分发/分享/复制这些材料予第三者。